Can I deduct interest on private student loans?
Yes. As long as the loan was used solely for qualified higher education expenses (tuition, room, board, books) at an eligible institution, the interest is deductible regardless of whether the lender is the government or a private bank. The key is that the loan must have been used for qualified education expenses.
What if my parents paid the interest?
If your parents pay the interest on a loan for which you are legally liable, the IRS treats it as if they gave you the money and you paid the interest. You can claim the deduction, provided you aren't their dependent. However, if they claim you as a dependent, they cannot claim the deduction either.
Is there a limit on how many years I can claim this?
No. Unlike some education credits, there is no limit on how many years you can claim the student loan interest deduction. As long as you are paying interest on a qualified loan and meet the income requirements, you can claim it every year. This makes it particularly valuable for borrowers with long repayment terms.
Do I need to itemize to claim this deduction?
No. The student loan interest deduction is an 'above-the-line' deduction (adjustment to income), which means you can claim it even if you take the standard deduction. You don't need to itemize your deductions on Schedule A to benefit from this deduction.
What if I paid less than $600 in interest?
You can still claim the deduction even if you paid less than $600. Loan servicers are only required to send Form 1098-E if you paid $600 or more, but you can still deduct smaller amounts. You'll need to track your interest payments yourself by checking your loan statements or online account.
Can I deduct interest if I'm still in school?
Yes, as long as you're making payments and paying interest. Many students defer payments while in school, but if you choose to make payments (or if your loan accrues interest that you pay), that interest is deductible. However, if payments are deferred and no interest is being paid, there's nothing to deduct.
What's the difference between MAGI and AGI?
For most taxpayers, Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) is the same as Adjusted Gross Income (AGI). MAGI adds back certain deductions like foreign earned income exclusions. If you don't have these special situations, you can use your AGI from Form 1040 (line 11) as your MAGI for this calculation.
Can I deduct interest on parent PLUS loans?
If you are the parent who took out the PLUS loan and you are legally obligated to repay it, you can deduct the interest you pay, subject to the same income limits. However, if your child is legally obligated to repay the loan, they can claim the deduction (if they meet the other requirements).
What if I refinanced my student loans?
If you refinanced your student loans into a new loan that was used to pay off the original qualified education loan, the interest on the refinanced loan is still deductible. The key is that the original loan must have been used for qualified education expenses, and the refinanced loan must be used solely to pay off that original loan.
How does this deduction affect my state taxes?
The federal Student Loan Interest Deduction is the same for all states. However, some states (like Massachusetts) offer additional state-specific deductions for student loan interest. Most states don't have a separate state deduction, but you should check your state's tax rules. The federal deduction reduces your federal taxable income, which may also reduce your state taxable income if your state uses federal AGI as a starting point.
Is the federal deduction the same in all states?
Yes. The federal Student Loan Interest Deduction is identical for all 50 states and DC. The phase-out limits ($85,000-$100,000 for single filers, $175,000-$205,000 for joint filers) and the $2,500 maximum deduction are the same regardless of where you live. However, some states may offer additional state-level deductions or credits.